Revolutionary Philanthropy: Aid to Political Prisoners and Exiles in Late Imperial Russia
Stuart Finkel
Published:
2024
Online ISBN:
9780198916130
Print ISBN:
9780198916109
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Revolutionary Philanthropy: Aid to Political Prisoners and Exiles in Late Imperial Russia
Stuart Finkel
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Stuart Finkel
Stuart Finkel
Associate Professor of Russian Studies and Affiliate Associate Professor of History
Dartmouth College
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USA
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Pages
186–216
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Published:
May 2024
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Finkel, Stuart, 'Russian Émigrés and Western Sympathizers through the 1880s', Revolutionary Philanthropy: Aid to Political Prisoners and Exiles in Late Imperial Russia (
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Abstract
This chapter demonstrates the unpredictability of émigré efforts to aid Russian political prisoners and exiles, which during the 1880s often seemed moribund only to episodically rise again. Even as Vera Zasulich worried that the efforts of the “Red Cross of the People’s Will” Foreign Branch were petering out in spring 1882, Pëtr Kropotkin and Nikolai Chaikovskii were rousing radical audiences in London. Despite Kropotkin’s initial fears that the group’s link to the terrorist People’s Will would doom efforts there, he found rapt audiences in a summer lecture tour of cities in England and Scotland. But as the chapter shows, results were meager over the next several years, until the foreign branch was dissolved amidst further émigré factional division between the populist-terrorist People’s Will and Plekhanov’s Marxist-inclined “Group for the Emancipation of Labor.” But efforts to sway Western opinion concerning the heroic martyrdom of prisoners and exiles led to unexpected results. A renewed campaign in Italy from late 1884 into 1886 spearheaded by Anna Kuliscioff and Filippo Turati yielded significant contributions which were passed along to Zasulich. Finally, the chapter notes how the seeds that had been planted, in conjunction with George Kennan’s searing expose of Siberian exile, laid the foundation for the “Society of Friends of Russian Freedom” at the end of the decade.
Keywords: émigrés, Pëtr Kropotkin, Nikolai Chaikovskii, radicals, England, liberals, socialists, Vera Zasulich, Anna Kuliscioff, Filippo Turati
Subject
Military History Cold War Russian and Slavic History Modern History (1700 to 1945) Human Rights and Immigration
Collection: Oxford Scholarship Online
© Stuart Finkel 2024
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